What Is Myopia and How Is It Managed in Children?

What is myopia?

Myopia, also called nearsightedness, is a vision condition where distant objects appear blurry while near objects are clear. It often begins in childhood and can worsen as a child grows.

Why does myopia get worse in children?

In most children, myopia progresses because the eye itself grows longer over time. This physical change affects how light focuses inside the eye.

Is myopia caused by screens?

Screens do not directly cause myopia. However, long periods of near work combined with limited outdoor time are linked to faster progression in children.

What is axial length?

Axial length is the front to back length of the eye, measured in millimetres. In myopia, increases in axial length reflect physical eye growth rather than changes in vision clarity alone.

Why does axial length matter in myopia management?

Axial length helps show how the eye itself is changing. Eye growth can occur before a prescription change is obvious, so measuring axial length can provide earlier insight into progression.

How is axial length measured?

Axial length is measured using a non contact device that is quick and comfortable for children. The measurement takes only seconds and does not involve drops or air puffs.

Does every child need axial length measurement?

Not every child needs axial length measurement. It is most useful for children who already have myopia or who are being monitored for progression.

Can axial length predict how bad myopia will get?

Axial length helps estimate progression trends and risk but cannot predict exact outcomes. This is why repeat measurements over time are important.

Can myopia be slowed?

Yes. While myopia cannot be reversed, research shows that certain strategies can help slow progression in many children, particularly when started early.

At what age should myopia management start?

Myopia management is often most effective when started early, especially in children whose prescriptions are changing over time.

If you are concerned about your child’s vision, early assessment can help clarify risk and next steps.